The Bah House of Worship in Tiapapata, Samoa, is one of seven designations administered in the Bah Faith. Afghanistan , Albania , Algeria , American Samoa , Andorra , Angola , Anguilla , Antigua and Barbuda , Argentina , Armenia , Aruba , Australia , Austria , Az. At around the same time, art began to appear in New Guinea, including the earliest examples of sculpture in Oceania. [193], The original inhabitants of the group of islands now named Melanesia were likely the ancestors of the present-day Papuan-speaking people. Although these regions, as well as the large East Asian islands of Taiwan, Hainan and the Japanese archipelago, have varying degrees of cultural connections. 37 Million Which of the following is NOT one of the four dominant climate types for the Oceania / Pacific region? Population is the entire pool from which a statistical sample is drawn. The 2011 book Maritime Adaptations of the Pacific, by Richard W. Casteel and Jean-Claude Passeron, states that, "for the purpose of anthropology, Oceania has long been a continent like Africa, Asia and America. Hawaii also made a major contribution to country music with the introduction of the steel guitar. The Kermadec Islands, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island are also considered to be subtropical islands. Australia and New Guinea have importantmining deposits that allowheavy industryandmetals, while New Zealand takes advantage of its lakes for the generation of hydroelectric power, thus promoting its industrialization. [236][237], The Pacific Plate, which makes up most of Oceania, is an oceanic tectonic plate that lies beneath the Pacific Ocean. [15], The arrival of European settlers in subsequent centuries resulted in a significant alteration in the social and political landscape of Oceania. [444][445] Fiji's sevens team is one of the most successful in the world, as is New Zealand's. [56][57] The Pacific Plate covers the Solomon Islands and parts of New Zealand, as well as Micronesia (excluding the westernmost islands near the Philippine Sea Plate) and Polynesia (excluding Easter Island). [277] The tuatara is a notable reptile endemic to New Zealand. Hawaii became a U.S. state in 1959. Oceania: Population, Characteristics, Economy And Religions. [356][357] The economy diversified and by 2008, tourism had become the single biggest generator of foreign exchange. Most islands in the Pacific are high islands (volcanic islands), such as, Easter Island, American Samoa and Fiji, among others, having peaks up to 1300 m rising abruptly from the shore. "[101] Kennedy defined Oceania as including Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. Ben Finney, The Other One-Third of the Globe. [107][108][109] Certain Japanese islands off the main archipelago are not geologically associated with Asia. OCEANIA. Climate change and military assault threatened population growth among these agricultural settlements. the United States population is equivalent to 4.25% of the total world population. There are 18 peaks of more than 3000 metres (9800ft) in the South Island. Tropical 4. It is flanked by the Indian Ocean to the west and the Southern Ocean to the south. Papua New Guinea alone is home to one-third of the world's languages - about 780 distinct vernaculars. The rock art of Aboriginal Australians is the longest continuously practiced artistic tradition in the world. Oceania ranks number 6 among regions of the world (roughly equivalent to "continents"), ordered by population. Oceania has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial markets of Australia, French Polynesia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, and New Zealand, which rank high in quality of life and Human Development Index,[8][9] to the much less developed economies of Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Western New Guinea,[10] while also including medium-sized economies of Pacific islands such as Fiji, Palau, and Tonga. [415] Some artists release Mori language songs and the Mori tradition-based art of kapa haka (song and dance) has made a resurgence. The smallest increase in 2021 with 0.13 percent. There are numerous difficulties with conducting archaeological excavations in the islands, due to their size, settlement patterns and storm damage. Migrating from South-East Asia, they appear to have occupied these islands as far east as the main islands in the Solomon Islands archipelago, including Makira and possibly the smaller islands farther to the east. The Inkas i. In addition, the series of sovereign island nations fringing Asia (Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, East Malaysia, the Republic of Indonesia) are not ordinarily considered to be part of the area. Public health experts [80] The Bonin Islands (adjacent to Micronesia) at that time were a possession of Britain; Macquarie Island, to the south of Tasmania, is a subantarctic island in the Pacific. Fukudome, Shigeru, "Hawaii Operation". Less isolated oceanic islands that were once uninhabited, such as the Bonin Islands, the Galpagos Islands and the Juan Fernndez Islands, have since been sparsely populated by citizens of their political administrators. The mix includes species with unusual biology such as the kkp which is the world's only flightless, nocturnal, lek-breeding parrot, but also many species that are similar to neighboring land areas. "[112] Furthermore, the book adds that Hawaii is still within Oceania, despite being politically integrated into the U.S., and that the Pacific Ocean "gives unity to the whole" since "all these varied lands emerge from or border upon the Pacific. "[95], Charles Marion Tyler's 1885 book The Island World of the Pacific Ocean considered Oceania to ethnographically encompass Australia, New Zealand, the Malay archipelago and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [67] It is used in statistical reports, by the International Olympic Committee, and by many atlases. The 1960 constitution, which formally came into force with independence from New Zealand in 1962, builds on the British pattern of parliamentary democracy, modified to take account of Samoan customs. [169] The UN's name for the Australasia subregion is "Australia and New Zealand"; their definition includes New Zealand, but places Papua New Guinea in Melanesia. [313] In the 2018 census, 37% of New Zealanders affiliated themselves with Christianity and 48% declared no religion. Population Pyramids: OCEANIA - 2022. A major economic and cultural powerhouse of the Southern Hemisphere, Auckland is ranked as a Beta+ world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. [114][115][60] According to scientific journal PLOS One, the Humboldt Current helps create a biogeographic barrier between the marine fauna of these islands and South America. Although disagreeing on details, scientists generally support a theory that calls for a Southeast Asian origin of island peoples. She excluded Hawaii from her definition, but not Easter Island. He excluded from his definition the larger islands of New Guinea and New Zealand, and argued that Cocos Island, the Galpagos Islands, the Revillagigedo Islands and other oceanic islands nearing the Americas were not part of Oceania, due to their biogeographical affinities with that area and lack of prehistoric indigenous populations. Inhabitants of New Caledonia are French citizens and carry French passports. [101] The U.S. Government Publishing Office's Area Handbook for Oceania from 1971 states that Australia and New Zealand are the principal large sovereignties of the area. Many remain preliterate and, at the national or international level, the names of tribes and information about them is extremely hard to obtain. [458] It broke the previous record set two days earlier when Australia defeated Tonga 220. The Oceania is the continent least populated in the world, with a population density of 5hab./km. [393][394] The divergence and evolution that has occurred in the ensuing centuries has resulted in a distinctive Australian culture. However, he wrote that these islands "are not usually reckoned as belonging to it, because they are known to be inhabited by races of people who came immediately from the adjacent continents and are unconnected with those tribes of the human race who peopled the remote islands of this great ocean." [181] The islands are typically grouped with others in the southeastern Pacific that were never inhabited by Polynesians. The following series of short activities allows students to access a wealth of data on the world, regions, and individual countries, and develop their data literacy skills and knowledge of geography. Oceania. The Indonesia subdivision consisted of the islands of the Malay archipelago, while the non-tropical islands were categorized as being North Pacific islands such as Alaska's Kodiak archipelago, the Aleutian Islands, Japan, the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. This has contributed $1 billion or more to Fiji's economy since 1995, but the Government of Fiji likely underestimates these figures due to the invisible economy inside the tourism industry. Oceania is a collective name for the islands scattered throughout most of the Pacific Ocean. [464] Additionally, Australia has hosted five editions of the Commonwealth Games (Sydney 1938, Perth 1962, Brisbane 1982, Melbourne 2006, Gold Coast 2018). (2001 est.) Geographic coordinates. It includes Australia, the smallest continent in terms of total land area. [256] There is a wide variety of native trees, adapted to all the various micro-climates in New Zealand. [424] The sasa is also a traditional dance where rows of dancers perform rapid synchronised movements in time to the rhythm of wooden drums (pate) or rolled mats. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [59], Islands at the geographic extremes of Oceania are generally considered to be the Bonin Islands, a politically integral part of Japan; Hawaii, a state of the United States; Clipperton Island, a possession of France; the Juan Fernndez Islands, belonging to Chile; and Macquarie Island, belonging to Australia. [399][400] The Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne are the oldest and largest museums in Oceania. Elaboration of data by United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. They take part in the legislative and presidential French elections. Many are descendants of immigrants brought to work on the sugarcane plantations in the mid-to-late 19th century. "[75] Conrad Malte-Brun in 1824 defined Oceania as covering Australia, New Zealand, the islands of Polynesia (which then included all the Pacific islands) and the Malay archipelago. This is a senior leadership position responsible for an integrated approach to population and public health programs and services in the Province of Manitoba. [229] Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian birds, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia. Popular Quizzes Today. [184][183], Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and nearby islands who migrated from Africa to Asia c. 70,000 years ago[185] and arrived in Australia c. 50,000 years ago. Oceania is the fictional totalitarian state that acts as the setting for the novel 1984 by George Orwell. [97][98] Tyler described Australia as "the leviathan of the island groups of the world", and stated that the Juan Fernndez Islands "will always retain a marked prominence in island histories, being at one time the home of that celebrated castaway Alexander Selkirk, whose life and adventures have been made so intensely interesting to youthful minds, and older ones too, for that matter, by Defoe in his wonderful book Robinson Crusoe. "[136] In the Pacific Ocean Handbook (1945), author Eliot Grinnell Mears claimed, "it is customary to exclude the Aleutians of the North Pacific, the American coastal islands and the Netherlands East Indies", and that he included Australia and New Zealand in Oceania for "scientific reasons; Australia's fauna is largely continental in character, New Zealand's are clearly insular; and neither Commonwealth realm has close ties with Asia. Corrections? The first migration of Australo-Melanesians took place c. 40 to 80 thousand years ago, and these migrants, Papuans, colonised much of Near Oceania. There is significantbiodiversityon the continent of Oceania,featuringtropical, subtropical, marine, tundra, and high mountainecosystems. [448][449][450] Additionally, it attracts significant attention across New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. "[55] In his 2013 book Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands: A Comprehensive Guide, American herpetologist George R. Zug wrote, "what is and is not part of the Pacificparticularly the western Pacificis variously delimited", adding that "a majority viewpoint accepts the landmasses of Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, New Guinea, and eastern Australia, which face the open waters of the Pacific, as its western edge." It is extremely rare at sea level in the North Island. [58] They are designed to dispel the outdated categories of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia; Near Oceania cuts right across the old category of Melanesia, which has shown to be not a pertinent category in respect to the geography, archeology, culture, language and human history of the region. 1.004 (1,004 males per 1,000 females) which is lower than global sex ratio. [156], Depending on the definition, New Zealand could be part of Polynesia, or part of Australasia with Australia. [371] Milford Sound in South Island is acclaimed as New Zealand's most famous tourist destination. In addition,it has 17 non-autonomous dependencies, belonging to other nations such asChile,the United Kingdom, Australia or the United States. Most of Australia and Oceania is under the Pacific, a vast body of water that is larger than all the Earth's continental landmasses and islands combined. [317][318] Prince Philip Movement is followed around Yaohnanen village on the southern island of Tanna in Vanuatu.[319][320]. "[91] It added there was controversy over the exact limits of Oceania, saying that, "scarcely any two geographers appear to be quite agreed upon the subject". Thelanguagesof Oceania are diverse, butthe most widely spoken are four: English, Tok Pisin, French and Fiji Hindi. As codified in the Hawaiian Constitution, there are three branches of government: executive, legislative and judicial. Oceania has traditionally been divided into four parts: Australasia (Australia and New Zealand), Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. The number of its inhabitants is approximately 34,300,000 (according to the 2010 census), a figure that is increasing due to the substantial difference in the birth rate (21%) and death rate (9%). Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception ofAntarctica. Wilford, Timothy. World urban population. [96] Islands in marginal seas of the Pacific were also covered in the book, including Alaska's Pribilof Islands (located to the north of the Aleutian chain in the subarctic Bering Sea) and China's Hainan (located in the South China Sea). Due to external migration, the population increased by 214,649. "[142] The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names (2017), by John Everett-Heath, states that Oceania is "a collective name for more than 10,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean" and that "it is generally accepted that Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, and the islands north of Japan (the Kurils and Aleutians) are excluded. [152][153] Scottish author Robert Hope Moncrieff considered Clipperton to be the easternmost point of Oceania in 1907, while Ian Todd also included it in his definition of Oceania in Island Realm: A Pacific Panorama. Oceania's subregions of Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia cover two major plates; the Australian Plate (also known as the Indo-Australian Plate) and the Pacific Plate, in addition to two minor plates; the Nazca Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate. [16] Most Oceanian countries are multi-party representative parliamentary democracies, with tourism being a large source of income for the Pacific Islands nations. Conditions vary from extremely wet on the West Coast of the South Island to almost semi-arid in Central Otago and subtropical in Northland. A minority percentage of the population practices traditional religions. [342][343], The Australian Securities Exchange in Sydney is the largest stock exchange in Australia and in the South Pacific. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 1.4 million); except Auckland, all cities are located in Australia. "[138], In his 1994 book Familia Gekkonidae (Reptilia, Sauria). The Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua on the island of New Guinea are home to an estimated 44 uncontacted tribal groups. [247] Desert or semi-arid land commonly known as the outback makes up by far the largest portion of land. [232][233], Melanesia, to the southwest, includes New Guinea, the world's second largest island after Greenland and by far the largest of the Pacific islands. New Zealand is often considered part of Polynesia rather than, Excludes parts of Indonesia, island territories in. ", "National Weather Service Dedicated Forecast Office in Typhoon Alley", "Official records for Australia in January", "NZ's temperature record hits new low minus 25.6degC", "Rainfall Climatology for Pohnpei Islands, Federated States of Micronesia", "UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 21 TAHUN 2001 TENTANG OTONOMI KHUSUS BAGI PROVINSI PAPUA", "Papuan province changes name from West Irian Jaya to West Papua", "3218.0 Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2016", "What's driving population growth in Australia's cities? Oceania (UK: / o s i n i , o i-,- e n-/, US: / o i n i / (), /- n-/) is a geographical region that is described as a continent in some parts of the world. Find the US States - No Outlines Minefield. Many of them have become true symbols of the continent. Oceania's largest export markets include Japan, China, the United States and South Korea. iii. New Zealand uses its lakes for hydroelectric power generation. The islands of the North Pacific, such as the Aleutians and the Kuriles, usually are excluded. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Oceania-region-Pacific-Ocean, Globalseurity.org - Oceania Military Guide, National Geographic - Australia and Oceania: Physical Geography, Oceania - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Oceania - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Population of Oceania. West Papua was split from Papua province in 2003 but still retain autonomous status, On 7 October 2006, government officials moved their offices in the former capital of, National Gallery of Victoria Victorian Heritage Register. The national government (malo) generally controls the legislative assembly. Steadman viewed Oceania as encompassing Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia (including Easter Island and Hawaii). By that time, the UN projects, fast global population growth will come to an end. Hong Kong, partly located in another marginal sea of the Pacific (the South China Sea) was also included in his definition. Australia and New Zealand collectively contain more than 30 million people, which is nearly three quarters of the entire population of Oceania. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. 2,142 live births average per day (89.27 in an hour) or a child in every 40.33 seconds, 837 deaths average per day (34.87 in an hour) or one death in every 103.25 seconds, 598 immigrants average per day (24.92 in an hour) or an immigrant in every 144.46 seconds, 22,164,486 females as of 31 December 2022. Oceania covers about 20 million square miles (50 million square kilometers), or roughly one third of the enormous Pacific Ocean. [67] The 1982 edition of the South Pacific Handbook, by David Stanley, groups Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, and Hawaii together under an "Anglonesia" category. They became known as the Chamorros. A negative number means that there are more emigrants than immigrants. "[31], In the 19th century, many geographers divided up Oceania into mostly racially based subdivisions; Australasia, Malesia (encompassing the Malay archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. They are now often referred to as Maritime Southeast Asia, with Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore being founding members of the ASEAN regional organization for Southeast Asia in 1967 (Brunei and East Timor did not exist as independent nations at that point). [130][131][132] He did not include the volcanic Kuril Islands and Ryukyu Islands, which similarly border both the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate,[133][134] nor did he include the neighboring Kodiak archipelago in the North Pacific Ocean, which is firmly situated on the North American Plate. Teachers are encouraged to have their students use the Data Sheet for a variety of topics and activities. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Known indigenous tribes in Papua New Guinea have very little contact with local authorities aside from the authorities knowing who they are. "[87] Rand McNally & Company, an American publisher of maps and atlases, claimed in 1892 that, "Oceania comprises the large island of Australia and the innumerable islands of the Pacific Ocean" and also that the islands of the Malay archipelago "should be grouped in with Asia. Oceania population is equivalent to 0.54% of the total world population. The most popular overall sport in Australia is cricket, with their national team having won the Cricket World Cup a record five times. Contact between Austronesian and Papuan resulted in several instances in mixed languages such as Maisin. In addition, its characteristics, religion, economy and more. The history of Hawaii's economy can be traced through a succession of dominant industries; sandalwood,[361] whaling,[362] sugarcane, pineapple, the military, tourism and education. APT Satellite provides satellite communication and satellite . Oceania, collective name for the islands scattered throughout most of the Pacific Ocean. Natural Resources, such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold, are mined in Australia and Solomon Islands. The Hawaiian Islands receive most of their precipitation during the winter months (October to April). "[46] Some geographers group the Australian tectonic plate with others in the Pacific to form a geological continent. It is characterized by numerous endemic species, such as the Koala bear, the Kangaroo, the famous Tasmanian devil, the platypus and the broom-tailed possum. Year: as of July 1 of the year indicated. The largest and most populous nation in Oceania is Australia, and the biggest city is Sydney. [56][57] Despite this, Australia is rarely seen as a part of the subregion. PopulationPyramid.net Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100. Trends i. [66] However, Brown did not explicitly associate Japan or Taiwan with the term Oceania. Ngerulmud, on Babeldaob Island, is the smallest national capital on earth by population, with only a few hundred people; the name is pronounced en-jer-al-mud; Koror, on Koror Island, . Ocean to the South China sea ) was also included in his 1994 book Gekkonidae. Australians is the longest continuously practiced artistic tradition in the islands, due to migration! Collingwood, Victoria, Australia any questions two days earlier when Australia defeated Tonga 220 typically grouped with others the. [ 256 ] there is a notable reptile endemic to New Zealand 's most famous tourist.., usually are excluded to be subtropical islands know if you have any questions are excluded traditionally... Island to almost semi-arid in Central Otago and subtropical in Northland across New Zealand could be part of Polynesia or..., featuringtropical, subtropical, marine, tundra, and Polynesia growth will come to estimated... Zinc, nickel, and gold, are mined in Australia and New Zealand 's most tourist... Aleutians and the biggest city is Sydney languages such as Maisin population, Characteristics religion. Public health programs and services in the world & # x27 ; s languages about... Was also included in his 1994 book Familia Gekkonidae ( Reptilia, ). 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