When a user decides to share CloudKit data, a share link in the form of a URL is sent to the person with whom the data is to be shared. But our applications are usually designed, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer has to also help us make sense, of all of these objects so that we can build. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. Next, add the following code under the // TODO: 2 comment: This code creates NSPersistentContainerCloudKitContainerOptions, using the identifier from your private store description. Also, several CloudKit operations can return an error as a single error value or a compound error signified at the top level as partialFailure. I left off the scaffolding for creating the sample data, but the test crafts a mixed set of managed objects, that it identifies as shared or not shared. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. Naturally, this domain knowledge is reflected in the APIs we have built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Apple provides two levels of functionality in the CloudKit SDK: High level convenience functions, such as fetch(), save(), and delete(), and lower level operation constructs with cumbersome names, such as CKModifyRecordsOperation. There's a lot of new API to learn about. From the home screen, open Settings. I left off the scaffolding for creating the sample data, but the test crafts a mixed set of managed objects that it identifies as shared or not shared by the presence of their objectID in this set. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. You could solve this by creating a CKRecord that contains a CKAsset which is the file that you want to share. As you inspect the starter code, youll find the starter project is a basic Core Data app with CRUD Create, Read, Update, Delete functionalities. 2 Answers Sorted by: 8 In iOS 10 / macOS 10.12, it is now possible to share hierarchies of records in a user's private database with other users. you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer uses a new feature in CloudKit, called Record Zone Sharing, covered in more detail, But let's take a look at how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. For these reasons, I am using the operations in these code examples. Third, create an iCloud container that hosts your data in iCloud. The way to enable these silent notifications is to set the shouldSendContentAvailable property on the CKNotificationInfo instance, while leaving all of the traditional notification settings (shouldBadge, soundName, and so on) unset. You can think of the name as the primary key of the record in a simple database sense (names must be unique, for example). In my example, I do this by using CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOperation and CKServerChangeTokens. Looking for something specific? with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. This new checkbox tells NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, should be stored in the encryptedValues payload. If you prefer to read the matrix as code, there's a new boolean-- allowsCloudEncryption-- on NSAttributeDescription that you can use to configure this property in your model code. Thus, your AppDelegate should call application.registerForRemoteNotifications in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification. But this isn't how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer works. It might make more sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple hasn't added the capability. To dig deeper into CloudKit, I strongly recommend taking the time to view the various CloudKit presentations from each of the last few WWDCs and follow along with the examples they provide. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts I regularly work with when I'm building sharing features. This is the default database that data gets written to. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. However, network conditions and performance constraints can cause individual notifications to be dropped, or multiple notifications to intentionally coalesce into a single client notification. How might we build an experience like this? The Note will be stored as a single CKRecord with text, modified (DateTime), and version fields. If youre the owner of the shared data, you can stop sharing this data anytime. This second step may be repeated in the case of a conflict. Sharing CKAssets between users with CloudKit? Apple has been adding data sharing into many of its first-party apps, including: Files Reminders Notes Calendar Photos Activities Find My Maps Music Health Use Core Data CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users. Now that you have your CloudKit configured, sign in to your iCloud account on the device youll be testing on. The SharingProvider protocol makes it easy to test these decision points by injection. That means we can't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that aren't already encrypted today in production. You can now write, read, and handle remote notifications of updates to your iCloud-stored application data using the CloudKit API. How can I change a sentence based upon input to a command? In this tutorial, youll explore how to update an existing Core Data and CloudKit app to share data and invite users to contribute to the data in your app. In this article, Ive explored the core CloudKit API mechanism for keeping data in sync between multiple iOS clients. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Generally speaking, youll be working with an NSManagedObject from your view. Accepting share invitations and fetching the shared data. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages these zones. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Note also, I am using a CKQuerySubscription with a very simple always true predicate to watch for changes on the one (and only) Note record. Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. This sample app demonstrates how to use Core Data CloudKit to share photos between iCloud users. Search for jobs related to Cloudkit share data between users or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 20m+ jobs. Discover how to create informative experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit technologies that support these features in Core Data. The owner is the iCloud account that actually owns an object. Maybe, if you define some format for downloading a single record outside of its data store. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature, and expect it to work well. Build and run again. Under the Schema section, select Indexes. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let's imagine I have a collection of people. The CloudSharingView has three properties: In makeUIViewController(context:), the following actions occur. Because there's no root record, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand how the concepts of owners and participants apply to the entire record zone. to call the contains method of the set I created. to show that the post is part of a share. It's a little bit more code up front to write all of these tests and structure the application in a way that facilitates this type of injection, but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. We call them the owner and the participants. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. The prior version of the record you tried to save. Participants can have different roles and permissions that constrain how they can act on a particular set of objects, which brings us to the second key concept: how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and CloudKit structure these shared objects. Once you accept the share on the second device, its now part of your shared zone in iCloud. CloudKit provides you ready to use data sharing API that allows you to implement collaborative features of your app without much effort. Before CloudKit, inconsistent behavior and weak debugging tools made it almost impossible to deliver a top quality product using the first generation iCloud APIs. And finally, I had to build new user interface elements to display information about the participants on an individual share. The same note fields for text and modified datetime can be stored locally in a file via NSKeyedArchiver or the like, and the UI can provide near full functionality based on this local copy. You now have the low-level building blocks in place to read and write records, and to handle notifications of record changes. Our users need all of that information so that they can make good decisions about the objects they choose to share. Since CloudKit is based on iCloud, the application relies entirely on the authentication of the user via the Apple ID/iCloud sign in process. and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. to display more information in my user interface. was to be able to accept share invitations. To achieve this, iOS 15 introduces share(_:to:). But ideally, we would have a single place directly in the Photos app where my friends and I can share our photos with each other. If I'm allowed to, I can add records that I own. Here, youll add the code to accept the share. Add the following code to the extension block: The code above calls the async version of share(_:to:) to share the destination youve selected. To complete the demo, I had to make two other changes. Here I used isShared to decide whether or not to convert the title of a post to an attributed string and prefix it with the person.circle symbol to show that the post is part of a share. When a record is shared, a share link is sent to the recipient user in the form of a URL. On the other hand, this injection technique makes it easy and fast to test different configurations of shared objects without ever talking to the CloudKit server. Sets the title of the share, using the caption of the. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check. Please enable JavaScript to enjoy the best experience. Open CoreDataStack.swift and add the following code to the extension: To use this new method, open DestinationDetailView.swift. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. And, as of iOS 10, a shared CKDatabase where user-controlled groups can share items among the members of the group. After reading this guide, you will know how to work with CloudKit, how to manage CloudKit databases to share information between devices, and how to combine Core Data with CloudKit to share data stored on the device. Select recordName from the list and ensure the index type is Queryable. At least one real device To send and accept share invitation(s). Look at the share options. I've had to make a number of changes to the user interface. Im going to take a fairly deep technical dive into the CloudKit API to explore ways you can leverage this technology to make awesome multi-device apps. Each of these participants will be able to access and operate on the objects I share with them. Using a single managed object context, my application can access data in both stores. Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? my application can access data in both stores. CloudKit provides a full range of error codes, with accompanying information, to allow developers to handle various edge cases and, where necessary, provide detailed explanations to the user about possible issues. by the presence of their objectID in this set. I'll open the CoreDataCloudKitDemo managed object model, and there's a specific property on the post entity I want to show you called location. I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy. for the view controller, completing the injection. here, the shared store for my application. This framework (https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync) was released before CloudKit and supports an easy way of sharing: You get a URL that you can send to another user and he can directly download what you shared with him. When the user taps the link that was shared earlier and accepts the invitation, the delegate calls this method and launches the app. It is important to be aware that when a share recipient accepts a share they are actually receiving a reference to the original record in the owners private database. At the moment, when you launch the app, entries in your journal all look the same. This snippet of code is part of a test case I wrote, to ensure that its table cells correctly indicate. The reason to run on a device is to send an invitation to the second iCloud account. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer automatically syncs. In cloud-based data sharing applications, its extremely important to be on the lookout for every possible scenario. And I'd like to show you one specific call site in the MainViewController, where I needed to know whether or not an object is shared. Thats it! In my .shared database, I would see record zones that other users have shared with me. At the top level is CKContainer, which encapsulates a set of related CloudKit data. Now that youve made your record queryable, click Records under the Data section. A general guideline is to use com.company_name.bundle_identifier. In this article, Toptal Software Engineer Paul Young demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multipleclients. Search for jobs related to Cloudkit share data between users or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 21m+ jobs. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer turns those managed objects into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. Note that, in my example application, this conflict resolution step happens in the CloudKitNote class, described later. However, you dont have any metadata about the share. To improve this, go back to HomeView.swift. After adding a few of these customizations, it became obvious I needed a way to ensure they all work correctly, which brings me to the main reason the SharingProvider exists: testing. It brings together a huge amount of domain knowledge about how CloudKit works and how to operate on records and objects. Single record outside of its data store click records under the data section code is part of a test I. Written to second device, its now part of a conflict its store!, a shared CKDatabase where user-controlled groups can share items among the members of the interface. 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