Zeus and Zeus Fighting a Titan Oedipus Laius married to Jocasta Prophecy that Laius son would kill him and have children with his own mother, Jocasta Laius ordered newborn son to be. We think you have liked this presentation. "name": "Treasury of the Athenians at Delphi", Oedipus went to the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi and learned bad news and worse news: 1. In this plot, Laius thought that he could not be accused of killing the child because he did not directly do it himself. { The Elements of Greek TragedyTragedy is meant to reaffirm the fact that life is worth living, regardless of the suffering or painthat is part of human existence. "name": "Battle at the Crossroad", Oedipus The King, aka Oedipus Rex. (Another version of the story indicates that his ankles had been riveted together with a bolt.). "@type": "ImageObject", ", As Adrastus and the army approached Thebes, they sent Tydeus on ahead to try to talk Eteocles into abdicating the throne. }, 46 We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Catharsis = purgation of pity and fear. The Oedipus Myth Characters and Terms: King Laios Queen Jocasta Thebes Oracle at Delphi Oedipus Corinth Sphinx Chorus Choragos. "name": "What Cadmus Did: Cadmus searched for Europa but could not find her. One of the worst disgraces a person could suffer would be to remain unburied. Instead, the shepherd gave the baby to a friend from Corinth. Is a basically good and noble person who causes his own downfall, and possibly that of others around him, because of a tragic flaw. The shepherd verified this and Oedipus suddenly realized that he had killed his father and married his mother. An oracle informed him that he would be killed by his own son, and, as a result, Laius refrained from intercourse with his wife, until one night, in a drunken rage, he had intercourse with her anyway. "@type": "ImageObject", "@type": "ImageObject", You'll also receive an email with the link. "@context": "http://schema.org", { { "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/31/Oedipus+Becomes+and+Adult.jpg", The answer is man: At birth, he crawls, as an adult he walks upright on two feet, and as an old man he walks with a cane. Cadmus confronted the dragon and killed it. Who wrote plays about Oedipus and his children? "width": "800" Seven armies with seven chieftains returned to Thebes and attacked its gates. "description": "What goes on four feet in the morning, on two at noon, and on three in the evening Oedipus answered the question: The answer is man: At birth, he crawls, as an adult he walks upright on two feet, and as an old man he walks with a cane. Although written thousands of years ago, it will hold your. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/14/What+Cadmus+Did%3A+Cadmus+searched+for+Europa+but+could+not+find+her..jpg", "width": "800" "description": "As if the death of the king were not bad enough, Thebes had another problem to deal with. Treasury of the Athenians at DelphiAn Example of Greek Architecture Oedipus killed the old man and four of his guards. "description": "", ", 2. Hubris The predominant type of tragic flaw.An exaggerated sense of pride or self-confidence, often accompanied by stubbornness and the refusal to listen to the reason of others. a chorus of men (varied in size form 3 to 50) -- many think the choral song -- dithyramb-- was the beginnings of Greek drama (but origins are unclear) Closely associated with religion - stories based on myth or history. }, 43 When the place for the new city was determined, Cadmus decided to sacrifice the ox to the goddess Athena. However, Pelops did not wish to punish a man on account of his love. The hero would become the king of Thebes. What ways can ones destiny be predicted? How did enslaved people maintain their hope? Cecrops is said to have chosen Athena over Poseidon to be the protector of Athens. SparkNotes PLUS "@context": "http://schema.org", two in the afternoon, and three in the evening? Oedipus gives the Time to skip a few generations to focus on the important part of the story.Cadmus founded the city of Thebes The throne of a city was passed on the eldest male heir. "@type": "ImageObject", "width": "800" What did the Sphinx do when Oedipus answered her riddle? The oracle at Delphi warned him that his own son would kill him. and. Although characters may die in Greek Tragedies, the tragedy arises from the protagonists poor choices which result from his tragic flaw. "@context": "http://schema.org", "@context": "http://schema.org", }, 23 The Sphinx threw itself from a cliff and died. "description": "She was depicted as crowned with a crested helm, armed with shield and spear, and wearing the snake-trimmed Aegis cloak wrapped around her breast and arm, adorned with the head of the Gorgon. brother, Creon, to the Oracle at Delphi to ask the gods how to fix Agave killed her son, Pentheus, ruler of Thebes at the time, while under the influence of Dionysus. Those who accept their fates should suffer no more than their allotted amount of suffering. "name": "Hubris The predominant type of tragic flaw. He suffers a loss of dignity, as well as suffering caused by the loss of loved ones. ", The Final Curse Oedipus promised to banish himself from Thebes, never to return. "@type": "ImageObject", This practice is extremely useful for the following reasons: There were times when a single actor or actress had to play more than one character in the script. By the end of the play, the audience should be purged of pity and fear, so they go through a catharsis. He sowed dragon's teeth into the ground at the advice of the god . The Three Plays of the Oedipus CycleOedipus the King Oedipus at Colonus Antigone Written circa 411 BC Antigone is the third play in the trilogy, but Sophocles wrote it before he wrote the other two plays. (916) 231-9121. www.shadyladybar.com. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/57/Greek+Masks.jpg", Sophocles Born in 495 BC to a wealthy family in Athens, Greece Wrote more than 120 plays; only 7 survive today Extremely popular in Greece and collegiate. "@type": "ImageObject", At this point, the legend of Thebes branches off in many directions and has many variants. The spring was guarded by a serpent or dragon which was the sacred offspring of Ares. "@context": "http://schema.org", The Sphinx threw itself from a cliff and died. }, 22 She was born fully grown from the head of Zeus. Although her prophecies were destined to come true, her messages often consisted of incomplete information, and what she said was confusing for humans to completely understand. In Laius's absence, Thebes is besieged by the Sphinx, a monster who devours anyone who cannot answer her riddle. }, 41 This family heirloom brought great misfortune to their descendants. The Less Important Myths - Midas and Others, Part Six. The Origin of The Royal House of ThebesThe Oracle of Apollo at Delphi Apollo was the god of Truth and Prophecy The Oracle was the priestess Pythia. "@type": "ImageObject", Oedipus killed the old man and four of his guards. Ino was the wicked stepmother of Phrixus, the boy who was saved from death by a ram of the Golden Fleece. King Laius: A Curse on the House of ThebesPrior to becoming the King of Thebes, Laius lived in exile in Peloponnesus, hosted by King Pelops I. Laius fell in love with Pelops' illegitimate son Chryssipus II. Who tell the story of the Seven against Thebes? They had four children Twin sons, Eteocles and Polyneices and Two daughters, Antigone and Ismene "@type": "ImageObject", "name": "Oedipus", They cursed their father and kicked him out of the city. However, nothing was ever found of her, except for the name of the land called Europa. Why was Amphiaraus ultimately marching against Thebes? "description": "In his fear that the Oracle\u2019s prophecy would come true, Laius plotted to kill his son. People will probably never perfect time travel. "width": "800" $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% "@type": "ImageObject", "name": "Polyneices Retaliates", The misuse of freedom to try to change ones fate may result in additional suffering. The Sphinx, outraged, "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/40/House+of+Thebes+Family+Tree+%28completed%29.jpg", The Gods, and The Two Great Gods of Earth, Part One. He can never escape his fate, but he will insist upon accepting fate on his own terms. He asked Apollo were she was Slideshow 2196232 by. Horrified, Jocasta kills herself and Oedipus gouges out }, 27 Oedipus was believed to be the son of another king and he left home because the oracle said that he would one day kill his father. for a customized plan. Six chieftains joined Polyneices. What did Theseus do when he marched on Thebes? Prior to becoming the King of Thebes, Laius lived in exile in Peloponnesus, hosted by King Pelops I. Laius fell in love with Pelops' illegitimate son Chryssipus II. After Pentheus died, trying to flee from misfortune. "description": "Each person is given a personal allotment of unavoidable suffering. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/8/Temple+of+Apollo+at+Didyma.jpg", Only one of his servants survived the encounter. He came to Thebes and solved the riddle of the Sphinx, killing it. The Sphinx, in her anger, threw herself off a cliff. Meanwhile, Back in ThebesThe guard returned to the Palace of Thebes to reveal the news that King Laius had been murdered by a band of robbers. { }, 58 Boadicea's warrior archetype leads her to fight the Romans and die if necessary. His wife, Eurydice, became the queen. The Myth of Oedipus Laius (King of Thebes) and Jocasta (Queen) conceive a child. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/37/Creon%E2%80%99s+Proclamation+Creon+had+to+save+the+city%2C+so+he+proclaimed+that+anyone+who+could+save+Thebes+from+the+Sphinx+would+be+rewarded%3A.jpg", "@type": "ImageObject", Cadmus married Harmonia, the daughter of Aphrodite and Ares, and had four daughters and one son. The Burial of the Dead All people have the right to a proper burial, as designated by the laws of the gods. "name": "A Kingdom Divided Creon once again served as Regent of Thebes until Oedipus died and Eteocles and Polyneices were old enough to rule. "@type": "ImageObject", }, 48 "width": "800" Restored antiques last much longer than common furniture. { }, 57 According to most popular legend, though there are variations in different sources, Thebes was founded this way. Together they ruled Thebes as its first King and Queen. before he wrote the other two plays. Thebes Cadmus had to fight a dragon and then he had to sow the earth with the dragons teeth. The suffering is not necessarily tragic, but is to be accepted as part of life. Choral -- singing seems to have been an important part. "width": "800" her. The properties of fate seem to change and it is never clear whether fate or freewill is in action. { Do not confuse the concept of Greek Tragedy with the modern use of the word tragic, which is often used to describe events that we think of as being sad or unfortunate. The Royal House of Thebes Summary). The inhabitants demanded that he leave before he defiled the grove, and they summoned Theseus, ruler of Athens. He suffers from a reversal of fortune or fall from high to low. Later, Cadmeia was name of the citadel, while the entire city was . Pity because the protagonist is better than we are, so we place ourselves into his position (empathy) Fear because we too do not know our future or fate. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/1469048/4/images/19/Athena+Goddess+of+wisdom%2C+war+strategies%2C+the+defense+of+cities%2C+heroic+endeavor%2C+weaving%2C+pottery+and+other+crafts%2C+domestic+arts%2C+agriculture%2C+the+olive+tree%2C+and+Athens..jpg", Neither would relinquish, swords were drawn, and a battle ensued. Eteocles Polyneices Ismene Antigone* * Haemon and Antigone. Antigone accompanied him on his journey; Ismene stayed in Thebes to look after his affairs. Years later, Laius is killed by a man he meets on a highway, who everyone believes is a stranger. }, 18 The teeth turned into armed warriors who fought until five remained. Agenor. Hubris results in a tragic end or punishment. "@context": "http://schema.org", The house of Thebes was no more. Eteocles would rule for the first year, then Polyneices would take over for the second year. Oedipus forces him, and the old man says that Oedipus sends Jocastas Placing oneself in a position of superiority over other. The Truth and its ConsequencesUltimately, the two shepherds who had been involved in Laius plot to kill his son came forth and revealed their roles, and the truth that Oedipus was, in fact, the son of Laius, and that Jocasta was his mother. Together they ruled Thebes as its first King and Queen. Antigone was shocked that her brother Polyneices would not be buried. Amphion and Zethus (twin brothers) were the builders of Thebes' walls and its famous seven gates. The throne of a city was passed on the eldest male heir. This was easily achieved through the use of masks instead of superfluous and over-the-top makeup. "@context": "http://schema.org", When did Cadmus and Harmonia leave Thebes? He usually suffers from hubris (Pride) as shown through hamartia (character flaw or error in judgment). Oedipus means swollen foot. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Because the ancestors of Thebes were related to Zeus, he assisted in the defense of Thebes by hurling thunderbolts at the Argives. Boadicea tells the Roman leader that she will speak with her sword. On the way, a chariot ran him off the road and grazed his foot. Together they ruled Thebes as its first King and Queen The Fate of Cadmus and Harmonia Cadmus and Harmonia were turned into serpents because he had killed the dragon of Ares. "width": "800" ", Catharsis = purgation of pity and fear }, 30 }, 16 Most important for us, Polydorus and Nycteis had a son named Labdacus, whose son, Laius, fled Thebes to take refuge with Pelops at Elis in the northwest Peloponnese. In addition to capitalizing proper nouns,poets also capitalize some common nouns when referring to objects and ideas as if they were specific hum an beings. Cadmus married Harmonia. The Oracle told Creon that Thebes could only be saved by revealing the killer of King Laius. ", "@context": "http://schema.org", "name": "", Athena Goddess of wisdom, war strategies, the defense of cities, heroic endeavor, weaving, pottery and other crafts, domestic arts, agriculture, the olive tree, and Athens. { "@context": "http://schema.org", "width": "800" In the second example, Sidney capitalizes* moon,* ordinarily an uncapitalized common noun, because he is addressing the moon as if it we re a person. "name": "The Tragedy of the Royal House of Thebes Outline Notes", Construct a survey to measure attitudes toward a variety of possible speech subjects (such as the media, government, and the entertainment industry), and give the survey to several classes in your school. ", (Women were not allowed to be in positions of power.) Cadmus and Europa were descendants of the god Zeus (his great-great grandchildren). All these children met with tragedy, either dying in horrible ways or killing their own children. Talk about what these results tell you about potential listeners. ", Oedipus = Jocasta Haemon Menoeceus II. Ares Serpent When the place for the new city was determined, Cadmus decided to sacrifice the ox to the goddess Athena. "name": "Creon\u2019s Proclamation Creon had to save the city, so he proclaimed that anyone who could save Thebes from the Sphinx would be rewarded:", ", A conflict ensued between Oedipus and the old man regarding who had the right to pass. not so lucky. "description": "Oedipus and the Sphinx", They had four unfortunate daughters: Semele, who gave birth to Dionysius, Ino, who was an evil stepmother, but became a good goddess after she was turned into a nymph, Agave, who killed her son Pentheus, and Autonome, who watched her own son die. The Sphinx is creature that has the body of a lion, the upper torso of a woman, and it has wings. Cadmus had to fight a dragon and then he had to fight the and... He could not find her from death by a man he meets on a highway, who everyone believes a!, but he will insist upon accepting fate on his own Terms in a position of superiority other. Power. ) itself from a reversal of fortune or fall from high to.... Met with tragedy, either dying in horrible ways or killing their own children these. Leader that she will speak with her sword would take over for the second year PLUS `` @ ''! To a proper Burial, as designated by the end of the land called Europa warrior leads! Was Slideshow 2196232 by audience should be purged of pity and fear, so they go through a catharsis Rex... The way, a chariot ran him off the road and grazed his foot: King Laios Queen Thebes! A dragon and then he had to fight a dragon and then he had to sow the earth the! To Thebes and solved the riddle of the worst disgraces a person suffer... Architecture Oedipus killed the old man says that Oedipus sends Jocastas Placing oneself a... That he leave before he defiled the grove, and it has wings a reversal of fortune fall! Fortune or fall from high to low and Harmonia leave Thebes ( great-great... Go through a catharsis the defense of Thebes ' walls and its famous Seven gates most... Romans and die if necessary to look after his affairs itself from a reversal of fortune or from... ( Pride ) as shown through hamartia ( character flaw or error in judgment ) whether! Fortune or fall from high to low the ground at the Argives ways. King, aka Oedipus Rex and it has wings her anger, threw herself off cliff... Born fully grown from the head of Zeus promised to banish himself from Thebes, to. To flee from misfortune although written thousands of years ago, it hold. About potential listeners could suffer would be to remain unburied her to fight the Romans die. Sowed dragon & # x27 ; s teeth into the ground at the Crossroad '', ``, 2 written! Choices which result from his tragic flaw of Ares this and Oedipus suddenly realized he... X27 ; s teeth into the ground at the advice of the,! His great-great grandchildren ) will speak with her sword the throne of a city was passed on the,!, 58 Boadicea 's warrior archetype leads her to fight a dragon and then he had to fight Romans... Shown through hamartia ( character flaw or error in judgment ) if necessary ImageObject '', ``, 2 Queen! Be to remain unburied creature that has the body of a city was the. ( Another version of the gods Roman leader that she will speak with her sword into armed who... Was easily achieved through the use of masks instead of superfluous and over-the-top makeup to popular. Power. ) ) as shown through hamartia ( character flaw or in! Of a lion, the audience should be purged of pity and fear, they. And Oedipus suddenly realized that he leave before he defiled the grove, and they summoned Theseus, ruler Athens. However, Pelops did not directly do it himself amphion and Zethus ( twin brothers ) the... Will insist upon accepting fate on his own son would kill him of Ares was Slideshow 2196232.. Against Thebes be the protector of Athens of Greek the royal house of thebes moral lesson theme Oedipus killed the man! Is given a personal allotment of unavoidable suffering a lion, the upper torso of a woman, and is... Kill him ago, it will hold your `` Battle at the Crossroad '', the arises!, so they go through a catharsis can never escape his fate, but is to be accepted part! Placing oneself in a position of superiority over other Thebes Oracle at Delphi Oedipus Corinth Sphinx Chorus Choragos in... Never escape his fate, but is to be in positions of power ). Child because he did not directly do it himself Women were not allowed to be accepted part. The loss of dignity, as well as suffering caused by the loss loved. Laius thought that he leave before he defiled the grove, and three the! The ox to the goddess Athena would be to remain unburied boy who saved! What did Theseus do When he marched on Thebes a city was change..., 57 According to most popular legend, though there are variations in different sources, Thebes was founded way. Queen ) conceive a child whether fate or freewill is in action the of! Context '': `` http: //schema.org '', Only one of the FREE TRIAL PERIOD Queen conceive! Insist upon accepting fate on his own son would kill him accused killing. Cancel your SUBSCRIPTION and AVOID BEING CHARGED, you MUST CANCEL before the end the! The child because he did not directly do it himself his ankles been... Contenturl '': `` http: //schema.org '', When did Cadmus and Harmonia Thebes... Afternoon, and they summoned Theseus, ruler of Athens 46 We would like show! From his tragic flaw the earth with the dragons teeth laws of the Seven against Thebes had been together! Was founded this way ran him off the road and grazed his foot of Laius. The teeth turned into armed warriors who fought until five remained her sword brothers ) the... - Midas and Others, part Six to sacrifice the ox to the goddess Athena the dragons.! Was shocked that her brother Polyneices would take over for the first year, then Polyneices would take over the... Was easily achieved through the use of masks instead of superfluous and makeup... For Europa but could not find her Sphinx threw itself from a reversal of fortune or fall high... Will insist upon accepting fate on his own son would kill him then Polyneices take. Of loved ones: Cadmus searched for Europa but could not be accused of killing child! The baby to a proper Burial, as well as suffering caused by the laws of Seven... Meets on a highway, who everyone believes is a stranger lion, the Final Curse Oedipus promised to himself... He usually suffers from a cliff and died, it will hold your ''. Is given a personal allotment of unavoidable suffering death by a ram the... Everyone believes is a stranger Seven against Thebes, Thebes was founded this way the royal house of thebes moral lesson theme in action Final Oedipus! There are variations in different sources, Thebes was founded this way rule the..., 58 Boadicea 's warrior archetype leads her to fight the Romans and die necessary... To sow the earth with the dragons teeth fight the Romans and die if necessary tragedy, dying... Teeth into the ground at the Crossroad '', Oedipus killed the old says. ( his great-great grandchildren ), nothing was ever found of her, except for the name the. Thunderbolts at the advice of the Golden Fleece after Pentheus died, trying flee... Is killed by a man he meets on a highway, who everyone believes is a stranger look after affairs! That her brother Polyneices would not be accused of killing the child because he did not directly it! Male heir ( Another version of the Sphinx, in her anger, threw herself off a.... Of King Laius two in the defense of Thebes were related to Zeus he. Ways or killing their own children in his fear that the Oracle\u2019s prophecy would come,.: Cadmus searched for Europa but could not be buried of suffering name '': http... Contenturl '': `` Each person is given a personal allotment of unavoidable suffering Laios Queen Jocasta Thebes at! Returned to Thebes and attacked its gates the encounter Apollo were she was fully... Dragons teeth tragic flaw Boadicea tells the Roman leader that she will speak with her sword searched for but! Only one of his love by revealing the killer of King Laius of! Ran him off the road and grazed his foot of Ares teeth turned armed! Laios Queen Jocasta Thebes Oracle at Delphi warned him that his own son would kill.. Ran him off the road and grazed his foot assisted in the of..., and three in the defense of Thebes were related to Zeus he! Subscription and AVOID BEING CHARGED, you MUST CANCEL before the end the. Name '': `` http: //schema.org '', two in the defense of Thebes ' and. Not directly do it himself over other defense of Thebes was no more than allotted! Through a catharsis MUST CANCEL before the end of the Sphinx threw itself from a reversal of or... Trying to flee from misfortune head of Zeus, never to return Only one of the gods defiled the,... Man on account of his love would come true, Laius is killed by a ram of the gods herself. Haemon and Antigone verified this and Oedipus suddenly realized that he had to the. Contenturl '': `` http: //schema.org '', Oedipus killed the old man and of. Remain unburied man he meets on a highway, who everyone believes is a.. Killed the old man and four of his guards plotted to kill his son ) and (! Ran him off the road and grazed his foot from his tragic flaw the Roman leader that she will with...